Spain's prime minister blames Israel, Russia for disinformation on Ceuta crisis

Theory Briefing

• Spain's prime minister named Israel and Russia as sources of disinformation following the Ceuta border crossing crisis on July 30th and 31st.
• Online theories claiming Israel orchestrated the Ceuta crossings spread widely, illustrating how migration crises quickly attract state-blame narratives.
• Pinning disinformation on foreign actors can itself become a political move, making it hard to separate genuine influence operations from domestic spin.
• The Ceuta episode shows how a single border event can spawn competing narratives — each accusing a different outside power of pulling the strings.