Record draws and Europe's slow start - is the World Cup lacking jeopardy? - BBC
bbc.com
A record-breaking run of draws at the 2026 World Cup opening week reveals how tournament structure and risk-aversion can drain the jeopardy that makes sport compelling.
Game TheoryRisk AversionLoss AversionTournament Design Theory

Theory Briefing
- Record draws have defined the 2026 World Cup's opening week, with Monday's four fixtures all ending level including Spain's 0-0 result.
- European sides in particular appear cautious early on, raising questions about whether the expanded tournament format reduces competitive urgency.
- Game theory predicts exactly this: when the cost of losing outweighs the benefit of winning, rational teams play not to lose rather than to win.