Culture
Feminist film theory is anchored on feminist politics and feminist theory.
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The explosion of pop culture references in high and low art is the result of a overeducated, media-saturated population with no place to put its knowledge.
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The likelihood of a mistake increases each time an extra screen and an extra human are added to a system, because, invariably, someone somewhere will be eating a donut rather than concentrating on their job.
Katherine G. White of the Addison’s Disease Self-Help Group theorizes Jane Austen probably died of tuberculosis caught from cattle.
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A term borrowed from science fiction. Computer technology is used to simulate multiple audio, visual and tactile experiences. As the technology continues to be improved, 'spectators' are increasingly able to interact with more and more convincing virtual realities. LL
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A movement in late 19th-century Italian art and literature, based in Naples. It emphasized the importance of popular culture and a realistic portrayal of contemporary life, breaking both with academicism and ROMANTICISM. Typical were the paintings of A Mancini (1852-1930) and the sculptures of...
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A movement in late 19th-century Italian art and literature, based in Naples. It emphasized the importance of popular culture and a realistic portrayal of contemporary life, breaking both with academicism and ROMANTICISM. Typical were the paintings of A Mancini (1852-1930) and the sculptures of...
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Developed independently by the Austrian-born composers Arnold Schoenberg (1874-1951) and Josef Hauer (1883-1959), this is a theoretical system, used as a compositional method, in which all 12 chromatic pitches within an octave are treated as equal. The 12 notes are placed in a fixed order (called a note...
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The black American blues song emerged at the turn of the century as a lament, representing, perhaps, an attempt to drive away the 'blues'. A theoretical structure of three four-bar phrases, forming the harmonic sequence I-I-I-I, IV-IV-I-I, V- IV-I-I, that underlies a typical blues song. The harmonic...
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The term originates with the Roman poet and playwright Plautus (c.254-184 BC), but the genre was first theorized by the Italian playwright and critic Giambattista Guarini (1538-1612) in his Compendio della Poesia Tragicmica (1601). Tragicomedy mixes the 'high' and 'low' comedy: a tragic plot with a...
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Usual translation of the word hamartia used by Aristotle (384-322 BC) in bis theory of TRAGEDY. For Aristotle, the tragic flaw which causes the hero's downfall is an error of judgement on his part, inconsistent with his nobility. Critics have extrapolated other kinds of tragic flaw, including moral...
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The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384-322 BC) definitively formulated the theory of tragedy in his analysis of Greek drama of the 5th century BC. A serious play presenting the struggle and downfall of a noble, courageous, central character with whom the audience empathizes and whose fate promotes pity...
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Theory of French novelist Nathalie Sarraute (1902- ), this is an atomistic conception of experience as a multitude of individual responses to a stream of minute stimuli. Stylistically, tropism leads in the NOUVEAU ROMAN to a technique of representation in fragmentary details. See 'CHOSISME'. N Sarraute,...
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Part of RHETORIC. Division (with SCHEME) of FIGURES OF SPEECH. Tropes are figurative devices based on deviations of meaning rather than on formal pattern; notably METAPHOR. G N Leech, A Linguistic Guide to English Poetry (London,1969) RF
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A French term meaning 'deception of the eye', used to describe a highly illusionistic painting in which objects are depicted with photographic realism or have extremely realistic perspective. See ILLUSIONISM. AB
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In German Totaltheater, this term is associated with the work of the German director Erwin Piscator (1893-1966), for whom the architect Walter Gropius (1883-1969) planned in 1926 to build an appropriate theatre. It is a form of theatrical production in which the text is less important than special...
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Developed by various composers, most notably Karlheinz Stockhausen (1928- ) and Pierre Boulez (1925- ); this is a theoretical system, used as a compositional technique, in which all parameters (for example pitch, rhythm, timbre) are divided into a series of 12 different components and then organized...
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A SOLMIZATION system based on existing models, it was refined by the English clergyman and educationalist John Curwen (1816-80). Curwen postulated that each scale degree has its own character ('soh' = firm, 'ray' = expectant) and that by personal discovery of the 'feel' of each degree, a person may...
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Sometimes attributed (as tonalit) to the French music critic Castil-Blaze (1784-1857), this term is now used to cover a wider range of meanings than he postulated. A theoretical system in which selected pitches (those belonging to a 'key') are ordered according to a hierarchic pattem, dependent upon...
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Derived from the French word tache meaning 'patch', this term was coined by the French critic Michel Tapie in relation to post-war European ABSTRACT ART, and related to 'ART INFORMEL' and ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM. The patches and blots of colour on a canvas assume their own significance, as if applied...
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A Latin phrase meaning 'explaining painting and poetry', this argument's origins lie in the comparisons made between the two disciplines in Aristotle's Poetics and Horace's Ars Potica. These formed the bases during the Renaissance and Baroque periods for several treatises on similar theories. The fundamental...
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